Please note that the surviving appendices for WO 208/3298-3327 are held separately in nominal card indexes WO 208/5582-5583 which can be searched on findmypast.co.uk by name. At 07.30 the escape party left the store, timed to be shortly after the change of the German sentries the idea being that the new sentries would be unaware of who had already entered the store. Bushell was later to be murdered by the Gestapo following The Great Escape from Stalag Luft III in March 1944. 37 officers held here as of 26/2/43 originally opened September 1941. Sports equipment and textbooks were obtained from the Red Cross and YMCA. The Germans sometimes provided a wagon for the sick. The prisoners of war - mostly from France and the Soviet Union - had to perform forced labour in nearby factories and in agriculture. Prisoners held in Italy: post-armistice escape reports. Maria Perschy, Other reports have the number at as many as 2,000 in the column. During World War II these packages augmented the often-meagre and deficient diets in the POW camps, contributing greatly to prisoner survival and an increase in morale. Within the camp, British POWs were controlled by the Senior British Officer (SBO) or Senior British Non-Commissioned Officer (SBNCO). Ben Macintyre and his 2022 book Colditz. Basil Dearden The original content was at Category:Colditz prisoners of World War II. More general correspondence on British merchant seamen POWs is in MT 9 (code 106). Reports of escaped Royal Air Force personnel, including some nominal lists of reported Air Force POWs, are in AIR 14/353-361; these files deal mainly with aids to escape and conduct in enemy territory. | At this point, the average POW lost 1/3 of his body weight since capture. Names and addresses of helpers and their descriptions (where necessary) were included. They were then moved out to other camps, the Commonwealth flying personnel to Stalag Luft III Sagan, others to Oflag XXI-C Ostrzeszw. On the 11th May 1942 52 POWs escaped from Kirchain via a tunnel, all were later recaptured. Whether describing and analyzing the actions of double agents loyal to the United States, Britain, or Russia or other topics, Macintyres approach to conveying espionage history is clear, concise, entertaining, and remarkably well written. By the time of the camp's evacuation in April 1945, Allied prisoners of every nation at war with Germany were present within the camp. It should be noted that recently this source is not a complete roll of everyone who was in the Italian POW system for various reasons, although it's the only sdingle source that has the majority. The German lists are described as being corrected generally up to 30 March 1945. | The Colditz Glider. Searches are only made in response to written enquiries, and an hourly fee is usually charged. Most of them were barracks, while the others contained kitchens, dining rooms, washrooms, guard barracks, storehouses, a post office, and other administrative buildings. The Military Headquarters Papers: SHAEF (GI Division) contain files relating to the organisation of the Prisoners of War Executive and reports on Allied POWs (WO 219/1402, WO 219/1448-1474). Stalag XX-A Thorn (British) Poland Location N/E 53-18. Colditz was meant to be completely safe, impregnable and impossible to escape from. The conditions in the camp, as well as with all Soviet prisoners of war, led to their gradual extinction. Over 900 POWs died in the camps in this location. Damian Lewis, Red Cross inspection reports identified Oflag IV-C as a problem camp with inadequate sanitary and harsh confinement measures. The camp was liberated by the U.S. Army on 16 April 1945. Search them HERE NOW! This last march lasted approximately three weeks; but was just as harsh as the previous march except for the treatment by the Germans, which was somewhat better, perhaps because the guards knew the war was lost and their own very futures would depend on how they had treated those in their care. Melissa Parker In July 1943 William Ash (RCAF) organised a tunnel that was designed to get 50 men out, 7 managed to escape, all we recaptured shortly afterwards however. Feigned heart disease by smoking heavily and drinking concentrated black coffee prior to medical examination and was repatriated. Also known as Stalag 344, and connected to Stalag IV b/z and Stalag VIII-d. 64,000 POWs in 1944 with 150 officers and 13,625 being British. They were joined by members of the Glider Pilot Regiment captured at the Battle of Arnhem in September 1944. Located at 53 degrees, 41 minutes North, 16 degrees, 54 minutes East. Transferred to Lamsdorf since not officers, escaped from Breslau work party, Hunger strike in order to receive transfer, escapes twice from new camp, reaches Switzerland. Colditz Castle, in eastern Germany, was built high on the slope of a hill and the Germans believed it was escape-proof.Throughout the war, they sent their most difficult POWs there. District IX Nearest City Altona, near Hamburg in the middle North of Germany. The old chapel was torn down and construction work on the prison facilities started in 1940. In 1942 the first Soviet prisoners arrived at the camp, and in 1943 after the armistice, Italian prisoners arrived. Opened 12/44, this is possibly either a redesignated Oflag IIa or a sub camp of Oflag IIa. Mark Robson | | This is sometimes confusing as Italy also had concentration camps in the normal sense of the word for holding of Political opponents and Jews. They were forced to march under guard about 1520 miles (2432 km) per day. Also a separate part of the camp was set aside as a hospital for prisoners Reserve Lazarett 742. Up to 5,000 POWs were housed here at any one time (Greeks, Maltese, Cypriots, British, Americans, French, Slavs). | In 1940, a concentration-camp escapee assumes the identity of a dead British officer, only to become a prisoner of war. I particularly liked the last chapter, where he followed up on what happed to the main characters. Alec Guinness, Use on personal social media accounts, provided the individuals are not promoting themselves commercially. POW camp in the castle of Bad Wurzach, although this was unlike Colditz in that it was really a large country house, not a castle as such. The Thorn Complex was a sub-camp of the concentration camp in Sztutowic (German: Stutthof). By July 1941 Stalag XVIII-D contained nearly 4,500 British and Commonwealth prisoners captured in Greece and Crete. At first they lived in tents, throughout the severe winter of 1939-1940, and construction of all the huts was not completed until 1941. There is an extensive collection of records in the series BT 373, giving the circumstances of capture and the eventual fate of UK and Allied Asian merchant seamen captured during the Second World War. 161 min Located at Prostken in Poland, close to Stalag Ib/PR. Anthony Steel, Dulag Luft was the abbreviated name of Durchgangslager der Luftwaffe - given to Prisoner of War (POW) transit camps for Air Force prisoners captured by Germany during the Second World War. | Reaction to the armistice varied from camp to camp. It was surrounded by a countryside divided into huge fields of wheat and oats, and the city of Altamura could be seen in the distance. Also at Suwalki, Poland. In between the camps there was a large shower block which was used by men of both camps. The most famous camp of them all, the book was written by the escape officer and one of the men to successfully escape Oflag IVc. Borkum Organisation Todt labour camp 500-1000 at any one time. And the arrogance of some members of the upper crust is breathtaking. Many escaped but most were returned to the prison. Some larger camps will have dozens of websites that you can investigate, always look at the links pages from these sites also a spiders web of information can often be discovered. Other hospitals where POWs were treated included: Alberoni (Piacenza), Al Celio (Rome), Ascoli, Capua, Caserta, Modena, Morigi di Piacenza, Parma, Perugia, Teramo & Vescoville (Udine). Only operated for 3 months from August until November 1942. A SHAEF report mentioned this camp was moved to the former Stalag XVIII a/z Spittal by Train in February 1945. Initially the camp was guarded by Naval troops. Miraculously only two Soviet prisoners were killed in the camp. | This scene was photographed by the Germans as "evidence" and later reprinted in his biography (Mark of the Lion, by Kenneth Sandford). According to the German Security Officer, Captain Reinhold Eggers, the Dutch officers appeared to be model prisoners at first. On 16 April 1945 the United States Army liberated the camp, finding only Serbian officers and those too sick to have been marched out, including some Americans that had been wounded by strafing American planes while being marched from Hammelburg. Another British Jewish inmate was Lt J M Barnet, Royal Engineers, [14] who was captured in November 1940, arrived in Colditz (re Chancellor's list) on Aug. 4 th 1941 and was repatriated to Britain on 6/9/44 with feigned illness and so counts as an "escaper". Val Guest Conflicting reports from various sources place this also as PG 93 and relocated at Fontanellato in Parma. Finally, in January 1942, Stutthof became a regular concentration camp. Stalag X-C Nienburg Hanover, Prussia Location N/E 52-09, Stalag XI-A (POWs from Stalag L4 & L1) Altengrabow Brandenburg, Prussia 52-12. Besides, some include dates of death, exchange, repatriation and arrival back in the United Kingdom. Forces war records gratefully acknowledge individual contributions towards our databases and information sources: we would like to work with anyone who feels they have camp or individuals POW data which would be of interest. Forty-six prisoners and several guards were killed. The Czech people in the villages and towns, through which they passed, passed food and clothing to them. Most of the men were moved by train to Stalag XX-A in West Prussia, but some 900 were taken to the port of Memel, where they were put aboard the merchant ship Insterburg for a 60-hour journey to Swinemnde. Jack Hawkins, At the beginning of 1942 almost 1,000 POWs died daily. | The 7 forts above which comprised Stalag 312 were also administered by Stalag 20A. The men had hot showers, and their clothes were steamed and fumigated to kill the lice that were an ever present threat of typhus. In June 1941 British and Commonwealth officers from the Battle of Crete and the North African Campaign arrived. An excellent book by Major Pantcheff Alderney Fortress Island is recommended reading for more information. About 200 escaped from the marching column and returned to the camp. The British people were now resigned to the fact that Hitler had to be stopped by force. In October 1944 most of the officers from the Warsaw Uprising were brought to this camp. When the Soviet front approached, orders were given to move the prisoners to other camps further west. A harrowing account of the forced marches from some of the easternmost POW camps during the last days of the war. Colditz, escape, Nazi Germany, prisoners of war, Second World War. They lived in 30 barracks, which were mostly built of wood. | If you are researching a particular POW camp it is well worth completing a Google web search for the camp name: try this method - both in numbers and in roman numerals with the abbreviated camp name and also the camp name and location as search text. Andr Morell, US, Serbian, Italian and French/Belgian POWs were held at this camp. Under normal conditions the camps had a capacity of 5,300. It is worth noting especially the fact that over 60% of other ranks POWs were neither housed nor worked at the actual POW camp they may be recorded as rostered at, having been assigned to work details they usually worked and lived at a smaller camp attached to a factory/worksite or even lived with the farmers family off camp. The sentry was not satisfied with their gate pass, so Stevens marched his party back into the camp. Sagan became one of the most active escape camps of WWII and a constant thorn in the Nazis side. | 317 Officers were listed here on 26/2/43, originally opened October 1942. The camp, a former spa hotel, was opened in July 1940 and housed approximately 70 Allied generals and their aides. Maia Liddell 1 -Household Cavalry, Combermere Barracks Windsor, Berks, 3 - RAC and Reconnaissance Corps, The Drill Hall, Barnet, Herts, 6 - RA (LAA) Ibex House, The Minories, London EC3. On 15 May 1940 most of them were transferred to Oflag IV-B Konigsteine. In July 1941 the prisoners of Ilag X-B were set to work dismantling their barrack huts at Sandbostel, then rebuilding them at Westertimke, finally completing the Milag camp in February 1942. The camp was renamed Oflag IX-A/H (Hauptlager, "Main camp") in June 1940, after Oflag IX-C at Rotenburg an der Fulda became a sub-camp (Zweiglager) designated Oflag IX-A/Z. There was a report of a war crime here when 2 officers who had been recaptured after escaping were shot (one died). The camp was the setting for two remarkable escape attempts. In 1942, Lager Norderney, containing Soviet and Polish POWs, and Lager Sylt, holding Jews, were placed under the control of SS Hauptsturmfhrer Max List. Fort 12 (XII) named after Wladyslawa Jagielty. Two hundred NCOs were transferred to Stalag XVIII-C at Markt-Pongau in June 1944. All of the photos of individuals from camps in this tutorial were taken from this collection unfortunately, none of the men's' names is recorded in these articles. In January 1945, as the Soviet armies resumed their offensive and advanced into Germany, many of the prisoners were marched westward in groups of 200 to 300 in the so-called Death March. Stalag 316 Wolknowysk (Vawkavysk, Belarus). On 14 February 1945 the Americans and British were marched out of the camp westward in advance of the Soviet offensive into Germany. Opened September 1942 and closed September 1944. | Gross: 700 yards away from an underground ammunition storage depot housed 81 British POWs. | 172 min The final scenes very moving. They reached Stalag 357 (Stalag XI-B), near Fallingbostel around April 3, 1945. George Charlton was a Staff Sergeant in the Royal Army Medical Corps who was imprisoned in Singapore from February 1942 to the end of the war, mainly in Changi camp until March 1945 when he was moved to the prisoner of war hospital at Kranji. Prisoners working on farms did not have the essential assistance that was provided in Oflags by teams of dedicated specialists who forged documents and prepared maps. They were marched twenty-five or thirty kilometers that day. A large number of the inmates made their way to the Swiss frontier and were interned when the Italian guards abandoned their posts after the armistice in 1943. In fact the prisoners had been in control of the camp since the 8th, the day of the German surrender. Lieutenant Colonel Ronald Bolton Littledale was also captured at Calais and escaped from his first camp, Stalag XXI-A in Poznan in Poland. The camp was liberated in May 1945 by troops of the British 7th Armoured Division, 2nd Army. 240 min Consequently, additional documentation is sometimes attached. Camp was opened 19th August 1942 and on the 15th Nov 537 Prisoners arrived from PG 60 followed the next day by 538 more. The prisoners quickly found German bugs in their rooms, and discovered that an "English general" imprisoned with them was a German agent. | District VIII Nearest city Koblenz, In the middle west area of Germany. Stalag XIII-C Hammelburg Om Main Bavaria Location N/E 50-10. | In August 1940 most enlisted men were shipped to other camps; Stalag XIII-A, Stalag XIII-B and Stalag XIII-C. Only those remained who were already employed in local industry and were housed in individual Arbeitskommandos. Many of them were finally repatriated towards the end of 1945 though the port of Odessa on the Black Sea. A crematorium and gas chamber were added in 1943, in time to start mass executions when Stutthof was included in the "Final Solution" in June 1944. A few hours later the German army arrived at the camp and the inmates were marched to trains that were to take them to Germany. The camp was renumbered Oflag-67. A simple list of (mostly) British or Commonwealth war films about prisoners of war. Located close to Coltano, later part of a US camp until 1955. By February 1944 most of the officers had been transferred to other Oflags. Littledale KIA: August 1944. Director: Location N/E 48-14 also listed as location Pupping near Linz. Starting in 1940, this gloomy, Saxon castle above a small town in eastern Germany was used to house the most "difficult" of the Allied POWs. Ian Hendry, I have attempted to include every camp, however, some have very few details even then if you notice anything missing please dont hesitate to contact us, its worth noting that many camps could/were known by location and locations were often misheard and then mistranscribed due to the language barrier in many instances. The number of remarkable stories it contains is incredible, the pacing is fast and taut, and the inclusion of original recollections from the prisoners and one of their captors adds tremendous texture. The Colditz Story: Directed by Guy Hamilton. The camp was built in September 1939 to house Polish prisoners from the German invasion of Poland. In June 1940 additional forts were added to the camp to accommodate British soldiers. The main Dulag Luft camp at Frankfurt was the principal collecting point for intelligence derived from Allied POW interrogation. It remained in use until 1993. Some prisoners were bayoneted; others kicked and hit. Several single story stone buildings here near the Village of Erika, about 290 British POWs worked nearby at a local Briquette factory, there was also a large mine in this area. The march from Gross Tychow lasted approximately 86 days. Sent for court martial in Stuttgart, jumped train but found unconscious next to tracks, sent to hospital, escaped from hospital. Among the Italian prisoners, were mostly soldiers who did not surrender to the German army after the Cassibile armistice (The armistice with the Allies where the Italian forces changed sides). 13th century castle near Florence. From 21 January 1945, many of the prisoners, particularly British and Commonwealth, were marched through Nazi-occupied Czech lands to Stalag XIII-C in Bavaria or Stalag XIII-D Nrnberg. The prisoners were transferred to other camps, though a small number stayed behind to carry out construction work as the site was adapted for the use of GEMA (Gesellschaft fr und mechanische elektroakustische apparate) in developing radar systems The sub-camp was closed in June 1943. Sep 1939 - Dulag Gneixendorf was created; renamed Stalag XVII B Oct 1939; received first American POWs in Oct 1943 (that part of the camp was then called Stalag Luft XVII B). The camp was liberated by the U.S. Army on 3 April 1945. In the U.K. it was entrenched in our culture and truly inspired fear. A Lazarett (hospital) cared for prisoners that were sick or had been injured in industrial accidents or air-raids. In June 1940 British, Belgian, Dutch and French senior officers and a small number of orderlies were transported to Mainz from transit camps in France and Belgium after the end of the Battle of France. The barracks in the Landwehr Road was built in 1935 for the Wehrmacht. | Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Prisoners of the Castle: An Epic Story of Survival and Escape from Colditz, the at the best online prices at eBay! It consisted of an enclosure 200 m (660 ft) square, surrounded with barbed wire and guard towers. Roy Ward Baker | A larger scale attempt was unsuccessful. Most Australian officers were concentrated into Sulmona, just as Australian NCOs and other ranks were gradually brought together to Campo 57. The first was about 12 m (40 ft) long, built from March to August 1943. Sergeant Major Charles Coward (Sir Dirk Bogarde) escapes from the Stalag VIII-B P.O.W. Whilst these magazines make a nave but charming read and often gave some useful information on what to put into a prisoner's parcel and various other questions of concern to the POWs' families, they did not portray an accurate reflection of camp life in almost all circumstances. Many prisoners managed to escape and were sheltered in private homes. At the end of 1944 prisoners evacuated from other camps began to arrive, resulting in overcrowding, and a reduction in food rations. Whilst every reasonable effort has been made to ensure accuracy and completeness if you notice anything that you feel is missing or incorrect wed be very happy to hear from you. This march was one of the "Long Marches". The sounds of the encroaching American artillery could be heard getting louder and louder at this camp. Most were immediately sent to Arbeitskommandos (work details). Stars: To make room for them many of the Poles were forced to give up their status as POWs and become civilian slave labourers. Unfortunately the driver of a vehicle noticed two persons moving hesitantly along the train and alerted the military police. 203 Bologna hospital in Castel S Pietro. All went well as the six escapers entered the office during the previous evening and opened up the tunnel. Britains Imperial War Museum notes that Of the 170,000 British and Commonwealth prisoners of war in Germany in the Second World War, fewer than 1,200 of them managed to escape successfully and make a home run. (10 days confined arrest completed on 8 May 1941). These were prisoners who defied the Nazis, attempted to escape , or were just generally hard to handle. Location lists and additional aerial photographs of POW camps in Germany, Italy and Occupied Europe, including reports on transfers, are in AIR 14/1235-1240, and similar documentation on German camps occurs in AIR 40/227-231. 43703 (10303 British) POWs with 558 officers were processed through this centre and distributed amongst the many work camps locally. Established in December 1943 with men transferred from camps in Italy, mainly British Commonwealth officers from the Battle of Crete and North African Campaign. Food was very scarce and below starvation rations. November 1939 - Polish officers and a small number of orderlies were transported to Hadamar from other collection camps in Poland. There are also unconfirmed listings of another OFLAG 83 LXXXIII at Winniza in the Ukraine. The camp where the POWs were quartered was located on a large plain. We offer the services of a professionally accredited researcher who visits the archives daily, should you wish to seek this assistance. Bremen Oldenburg 53-08, Reserve Lazarett Konstanzam Bodensee Konstanz Baden 47-09, Reserve Lazarett Leipzig Warren Leipzig Saxony 51-12, Reserve Lazarett Lyzeum Eschwege Prussia 51-10, Reserve Lazarett Marburg/Lahn Marburg Hessen-Nassau, Prussia 50-08, Reserve Lazarett Minden (Mil. 'Moritz' and 'Max' (second dummy) were made of plaster by a fellow Polish POW and painted by another Dutch POW, Lieutenant Diederick van Lynden. An ICRC report of August 1941 described the fort as being a circular building, made of red brick with three floors each with its windows facing an interior court which acts as the hub of the fort. SHAEF reports from February 1945 show 6781 POWs held, all Polish. District I in what is now known as Olsztyn, Poland, then it was in East Prussia. Cigarettes in the parcels became the preferred medium of exchange within most camps, cigarettes were also used to bribe German guards to provide the prisoners with outside items that would otherwise have been unavailable to them. The escape committee were supplied with full detailed survey and building plans of the castle by SOE during the war, these were better and far more detailed than the Germans had themselves! At some time during the war, prisoners from every nation fighting against Germany passed through it. 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